02 / PROCESS SCIENCE
Reduction, consolidation and refining each influence material quality. Select the manufacturing route around the required chemistry, defect limits and product qualification.
Solid titanium oxide is electrochemically deoxygenated in molten calcium chloride. The recovered product may be porous titanium or powder; it is not conventional Kroll sponge. Oxygen removal, salt recovery and scale-up require validation.
Purified TiCl₄ is reduced with magnesium, followed by separation and vacuum distillation to obtain titanium sponge. This established industrial route provides a basis for comparing alternative processes.
Vacuum arc remelting (VAR), electron-beam cold-hearth melting (EBCHM) or other consolidation routes may be selected where appropriate. Selection depends on the product specification, process economics and qualification requirements.
A CONNECTED VALUE CHAIN
Explore the key stages of titanium production, from raw material to a finished component.
Qualified mineral or titanium oxide feedstock
Characterized, traceable feedstock
Supplier due diligence and feedstock chemistry
Origin records, sampling plan and chemical analysis.
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